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BBC英語教學---你問我答「Injure, Hurt, Damage三個近義詞」

發布日期：2011-09-19

核心提示：歡迎收BBC英語教學網的你問我答節目，本期我們要學習的內容是三個近義詞 Injure, Hurt 及 Damage之間的區別及用法示例。

Our question this week is about three words with similar meanings but important differences.The verbs in question are to injure, to damage and to hurt. When to use them depends on whether we're talking about people and animals or objects and also if the pain is physical or emotional.

About this script關于臺詞的備注：
Please note that this is not a word for word transcript of the programme as broadcast. In the recording and editing process changes may have been made which may not be reflected here.
請注意這不是廣播節目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能沒有體現錄制、編輯過程中對節目做出的改變。

Li: 大家好歡迎收BBC英語教學網的聽你問我答節目，我是楊莉。現在和我一起在播音室的是我的搭檔Neil. How are you, Neil?

Neil: Hi Li. I'm not very well actually. I was playing football last night and someone hurt my leg. Argh...

Li: Oh dear, I can see it's very painful. Neil在踢足球的時候腿被人撞了，撞得很疼to hurt. Do you often get hurt?

Neil: Argh… No, I don't usually get hurt, but last night's game was very dirty. In fact I injured the player who hurt my leg as well.

Li: Oh no. Neil 說那是一場惡戰，因為他把對方也給弄傷了。讓某人受傷就是to injure.那么你是怎樣傷害那個人的？How did you injure him?

Neil: Oh just an elbow in the face when we were jumping for the ball. I think I broke his nose!

Li: Neil! 你可真行啊，再騰躍搶球的時候Neil的胳膊撞到了對方的鼻子，造成鼻梁骨骨折。但愿你不是在報復性的攻擊！球賽最后怎么結束的呢?

Neil: It was very bad-tempered actually. There was a fight between a few of the players and one of them damaged the goalposts!

Li: And you call this fun?! 打起來了，有人把球門給砸了To damage. 唉，我們干嗎喋喋不休地談論一場充滿了傷亡和暴力的球賽呢?

Neil: It's our Question and Answer of the Week.

Li: I see. That's right. 一名自稱籬落悥殤的讀者給我們寫信說請問injure damage hurt這三個單詞有什么區別？謝謝！

Neil: These verbs have similar meanings but differ in important ways.

Li: 下面我們聽聽Neil 和他的對在昨晚球賽中的一段對話，看你能不能聽出來這幾個看上去近似的詞語在本質上有什么區別。

Insert
Neil: Argh! Take it easy! You hurt my leg!
Player: Wimp! What are you - a little girl or something?!

Li: Neil 大叫了一聲"You hurt my leg". 你踢疼了我的大腿。這里的Hurt 是個動詞用來形容一個人或者一個動物被弄疼了。可是這個踢人的隊員卻把Neil比作一個小女孩，s說他一點疼痛都忍受不了，還說他弱不禁風A WIMP.

Neil: Yes, he hurt my leg but he also hurt my feelings.

Li: To hurt 這個詞也可以用來形容對一個人感情上的傷害。To hurt someone's feelings.

STING
Li: Neil 的這場球賽的故事還沒完呢。接下來是Neil的對手叫苦的時候了，Neil把他的鼻梁給打碎了，他肯定跟你急了吧Neil？

Insert
Neil: My ball!
Player: Argh my nose! You injured my nose with your elbow. I think it's broken! You animal!

Neil: It was an accident, honestly!

Li: NEIL 打傷了他對手的鼻子。He injured his nose. 對方狠狠地罵了他一句，說NEIL 是畜牲 – an animal. Did that injure your feelings?

Neil. This is the important difference, Li. 'Hurt' and 'injure' both mean to cause someone pain, but you can't injure someone's feelings. To injure only means to cause physical harm.

Li: Oh I see. So hurt 和injure 都有傷痛的意思，但是injure 單純指對肢體上造成的傷害。OK, so you say the game ended with a fight?

Neil: Yes, unfortunately some of the players got a bit upset and started fighting. They were picking up anything they could see and started using them as weapons.

Li: Oh my dear. 一些隊員動起手來，眼前有什么就抄起什么當作武器。

Insert
Player: Come on then!
Ref: Put that down! You've damaged the goalposts!

Li: 他們當中的一個隊員砸壞了damaged 球門的柱子，注意這里的門柱子不是人或動物所以不能用hurt 或者injure只能用damage. 不過，Neil 你說一下我們能不能用damage 這個詞來表示對人的傷害呢?

Neil: You usually use 'injure' or 'hurt' for people, though there are some exceptions. For example we say smoking damages your health.

Li: Neil, I think you have made everything crystal clear, thank you. 現在讓我來總結一下: hurt 這個動詞用來表示對身體和感情上的傷害; injure 專指對肢體的傷害，和情感沒有關系; 最后damage 這個詞通常用來表示對物體的破壞。也就是說你不能去hurt 或injure 一件物品。Well Neil, are you going to play football next week?

Neil: No Li, I don't think I will. I think it's time for me to… retire from football.

Li: I think that's a good idea.

Do you have a question about learning English? 你有沒有英語學習上的問題？
Then email us at questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk

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編輯：foodtrans

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BBC英語教學---你問我答「Injure, Hurt, Damage三個近義詞」